经乳晕缘切口与传统手术治疗乳腺良性肿瘤患者的近期疗效比较

Comparison of short-term curative effect of patients with breast benign tumor treated by periareolar incision and traditional surgery

目的对比经乳晕缘切口与传统手术治疗乳腺良性肿瘤患者的近期疗效。方法选取2014年7月至2016年7月本院乳腺良性肿瘤患者93例，术式不同分为两组，观察组47例行经乳晕缘切口手术治疗，对照组46例行传统手术治疗。比较两组术中情况（手术用时、切口长度、术中出血量）、术后情况（瘢痕宽度、切口愈合时间、住院时间）、并发症发生情况，术后随访6个月，对比两组乳房表面美观度评分、生活质量评分。结果两组手术用时、住院时间、术中出血量相比，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）观察组切口长度、瘢痕宽度、切口愈合时间分别为（2．35±0．28）cm、（0．33±0．08）cm、（6．35±1．46）d，均小于对照组，且术后并发症发生率4．26％（2／47）低于对照组的19．57％（9／46），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。经随访，观察组术后6个月乳头乳晕感觉、色素沉着、切口瘢痕、乳房形状等乳房表面美观度评分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组术后6个月物质生活状态、躯体功能、社会功能、心理功能等生活质量评分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论采用经乳晕缘切口治疗乳腺良性肿瘤与传统手术疗效相当，且可减轻术后瘢痕，提高乳房美观度，降低术后并发症发生率。

Objective To compare the short-term curative effect of patients with breast benign tumor treated by periareolar incision and traditional surgery. Methods From July 2014 to July 2016, 93 cases of breast benign tumor in our hospital were divided into control group （n=46） and observation group （n=47） according to surgery methods. The observation group underwent periareolar incision surgery, while the control group underwent traditional surgery. Intraoperative situation （surgery time, incision length, intraoperative blood loss）, postoperative situation （scar width, incision healing time, hospital stay）, and complications were compared between the two groups. All patients were followed up for 6 months, breast surface aesthetics score, score of life quality of the two groups were compared. Results There were no statistically significant differences in surgery time, hospital stay, and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups （P〉0.05）. The incision length, scar width, and incision healing time in the observation group were （2.35±0.28）cm, （0.33±0.08）cm, （6.35±1.46）d, all less than those in the control group, and the incidence of postoperative complications （4.26%, 2/47） was lower than that in the control group （19.57%, 9/46）, with statistically significant differences （P〈0.05）. At six months after operation, the breast surface aesthetics scores including nipple and areola sensation, pigmentation, incision scar, and breast shape of the observation group were higher than those of the control group （P〈0.05）; the scores of life quality including physical life, physical function, social function, and psychological function of the observation group were higher than those of the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The effect of periareolar incision in the treatment of breast benign tumor is equivalent to that of traditional surgery, which can reduce postoperative scar, improve breast aesthetic degree, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.