基于本体的脾相关疾病核心病机探讨

Discussion on Core Pathogenesis of Spleen-Related Diseases Based on Ontology

目的:基于本体探讨脾相关疾病的核心病机。方法:收集、整理中医内、外、妇、儿各科教材和高级参考书中脾相关病证142个纳入本体资料库。经症状规范后,按"脾失运化水谷""脾失运化水液""脾不统血"的病机对全部病证的症状进行分类。基于语义网络,以644个领域概念、1888条语义关系构建脾相关"病证-症状-病机"本体图,并根据本体数据绘制雷达图、统计各类病机的症状分布。结果:脾相关疾病共计98种,脾气虚证居各证之首。脾失运化水谷的症状占全部症状的60.96%,且在142个脾相关病证中均有分布,主要为便溏、纳少、乏力、神疲、纳呆等症;脾失运化水液症状占全部症状的9.52%,主要为水肿、身重、咯痰、口黏腻、面色白光白等症;脾不统血症状占总症状的3.20%,主要为便血、鼻衄、齿衄、月经量多、紫斑等症。结论:脾失运化水谷是脾相关疾病的核心病机,其以脾气为根,临床诊疗各类脾相关疾病均应重视益气健脾、健运水谷。

Objective： To explore the core pathogenesis of spleen-related diseases based on ontology. Methods： In this study,internal medicine,surgery,gynecology and pediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine were collected and collated,and 142 cases were included in the ontology database. In this study,the relative symptoms were standardized first and then all the symptoms of disease,in terms of ＂failure of spleen to transform and transport food＂,＂failure of spleen to transform and transport water＂and＂failure of spleen to control blood＂according to the 3 types of pathogenesis,were classified. Finally based on the semantic network,644 domain concepts and 1888 semantic relations were used to construct the ontology of the spleen-related syndrome-symptom-pathogenesis,and the radar map was drawn according to the ontology data to collect the symptom distribution of all kinds of pathogenesis. Results： There were a total of 98 cases of spleen-related diseases,and the frequency of spleen qi deficiency came to the first. Symptoms of failure of spleen to transform and transport food were accounted for 60. 96% of all the symdromes,and distributed in 142 spleen-related syndromes,which were mainly loose stools,reduction in food intake,physical lassitude,mental lassitude,anorexia. The failure of spleen to transform and transport water accounted for 9. 52% of the total symptoms,which were mainly edema,heavy sensation of the body,cough with phlegm,slimy sensation in the mouth,pale and lusterless complexion. The failure of spleen to control blood accounted for 3. 20% of the total symptoms,which were mainly hematochezia,epistaxis,gum hemorrhage,profuse menses,ecchymosis. Conclusion： Failure of spleen to transform and transport food is the core pathogenesis of spleen-related diseases,and the prerequisite is spleen qi. Clinical diagnosis and treatment of various spleen-related diseases should pay attention to tonify qi,strengthen the spleen,transform and transport the food and water.