奶粉增强剂对饲喂奶粉犊牛生长性能及健康状况的影响

Effect of Milk Powder Extender on Growth Performance and Health Status of Preweaned Calves Fed with Milk Powder

本试验旨在研究奶粉增强剂对饲喂奶粉犊牛生长性能及健康状况的影响。选择体重相近的新生犊牛28头,随机分成2个处理,每个处理14头,公、母各半。对照组饲喂奶粉,试验组饲喂90%奶粉+10%奶粉增强剂。试验期为10周。结果表明:在6~8周龄阶段试验组母犊平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验期间各处理对犊牛干物质采食量和饲料转化效率无显著性影响(P>0.05);在0~10周龄阶段试验组母犊体高变化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),同期试验组公犊的体高变化率高于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组公犊、母犊10周龄的体躯指数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各处理组的体长指数差异不显著(P>0.05);试验期间试验组与对照组犊牛腹泻率比为1:2.25,发热率比为1:4.5。综上可知,在奶粉中添加奶粉增强剂可提高犊牛日增重,改善犊牛体尺,降低犊牛哺乳期的腹泻和发热情况。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the milk powder extender on growth performance and health status of preweaned calves fed with milk powder. Twenty eight new-born Holstein calves with similar body weight were allotted into two treatments with 14 calves each （7 females and 7 males）. Calves were offered milk powder （control group） and 90% milk powder ＋10% milk powder extender （experimental group）. The experiment lasted 10 weeks Results showed that in week 6 to 8 of the trial, average daily gain of female calves in the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group （/}〈0.05）. Average daily dry matter intake and feed efficiency had no significant difference among all groups during the whole trial period （P〉0.05）. Compared to the control group, female calves fed with milk powder extender significantly increased the wither height change ratio aged from 0 to 10 weeks （P〈0.05）, wither height change ratio of male calves in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, but there was no significant difference （P〉0.05）. At the end of the trial, body structure index in experimental groups were significantly higher than that in the control groups （P〈0.05）, but the body length index were not affected by the treatments （P〉0.05）. The diarrhea rate and the rate of fever in experimental and control group were 1：2.25 and 1：4.5, respectively. The conclusion is that milk powder extender can improve average daily gain and calf body size when added into milk powder. Milk powder extender also tended to relieve diarrhea and fever in preweaned calves.