股骨头坏死物理治疗的研究进展

Current physiotherapy for osteonecrosis of the femoral head

股骨头坏死(osteonecrosis of the femoral head,ONFH)是一种好发于30~50岁中青年人群的难治性、致残性骨科疾病。人工全髋关节置换术是目前世界公认的有效治疗方法,但人工髋关节假体寿命有限,远期将面临翻修的现实。因此,对于早期坏死及年轻患者,应尽可能保留其自身髋关节,物理治疗作为选择之一越发受到重视。目前常用于股骨头坏死的物理治疗方法包括非负重(non-weight-bearing,NWB)、高压氧(hyperbaric oxygen,HBO)、脉冲电磁场(pulsed electromagnetic fields,PEMFs)、体外冲击波(extracorporeal shock wave therapy,ESWT)。本文就股骨头坏死物理治疗的研究进展进行综述,旨在为临床应用提供参考。

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head （ONFH）, one of refractory and disabling orthopedic diseases, usually occur in people aged 30 to 50. Total hip arthroplasty is recognized worldwide as the effective treatment of ONFH. It＇ s inevitable that if the service life of prosthesis is finite, patients will face revision surgery in the future. Therefore, it is better to preserve hip joint for the younger patients still in the early stages of osteonecrosis. As a branch of treatments, physiotherapy has been paid more and more attention. At present, the common physiotherapy for ONFH include non-weight-bearing （NWB）, hyperbaric oxygen （HBO）, pulsed electromagnetic fields （PEMFs） and extracorporeal shock wave therapy （ESWT）. This paper attempts to review related research progress about physiotherapy for osteonecrosis of the femoral head so as to provide the reference for clinical application.