数字化技术制备大鼠跨区穿支皮瓣微小血管模型的实验研究

Establishment of micro-vessels model of cross-boundary perforator flap in rat via digital technology

目的探讨利用数字化技术建立大鼠跨区穿支皮瓣微小血管模型的可行性及应用价值。方法取8周龄SPF级雌性SD大鼠20只,体质量280~300 g,于背部制备面积约10 cm×3 cm的跨区穿支皮瓣,然后原位缝合。术后3、7 d各取10只大鼠,大体观察皮瓣坏死情况并测算皮瓣坏死面积百分比;然后采用明胶-氧化铅溶液行血管灌注,取材行micro-CT扫描并血管三维重建,采用Matlable7.0软件测算血管总长度及容积。结果术后3 d皮瓣坏死面积百分比为19.08%±3.64%,显著低于术后7 d的39.76%±3.76%(t=10.361,P=0.029)。micro-CT血管三维重建能清晰显示皮瓣微小血管形态变化;术后3 d皮瓣血管容积为(1 240.23±89.71)mm^3、血管总长度为(245.94±29.38)mm,与术后7 d的(1 036.96±88.97)mm^3、(143.20±30.28)mm比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=5.088,P=0.000;t=7.701,P=0.000)。结论数字化技术能够可视化观察、客观评估大鼠跨区穿支皮瓣微小血管形态变化,为皮瓣血管模型研究提供技术支持。

Objective To investigate the feasibility and application value of digital technology in establishing the micro-vessels model of cross-boundary perforator flap in rat. Methods Twenty 8-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats, weighing 280-300 g, were used to established micro-vessels model. The cross-boundary perforator flaps of 10 cm×3 cm in size were prepared at the dorsum of 20 rats; then the flaps were sutured in situ. Ten rats were randomly picked up at 3 and 7 days after operation in order to observe the necrosis of flap and measure the percentage of flap necrosis area; the lead- oxide gelatin solution was used for vessels perfusion; flaps were harvested and three-dimensional reconstruction of micro- vessel was performed after micro-CT scanning. Vascular volume and total length were measured via Matlable 7.0 software. Results The percentage of flap necrosis area at 3 days after operation was 19.08%±3.64%, which was significantly lower than that at 7 days （39.76%±3.76%; t=10.361, P=0.029）. Three-dimensional reconstruction via the micro-CT clearly showed the morphological alteration of micro-vessel of the flap. At 3 days after operation, the vascular vo- lume of the flap was （1 240.23±89.71） mm3 and the total length was （245.94±29.38） mm. At 7 days after operation, the vascular volume of the flap was （1 036.96±88.97） mm3 and the total length was （143.20±30.28） mm. There were significant differences in the vascular volume and the total length between different time points （t=5.088, P=0.000; t=7.701, P=0.000）. Conclusion The digital technology can be applied to visually observe and objectively evaluate the morphological alteration of the micro-vessels of the flap, and provide technical support for the study of vascular model of flap.