江苏省重点公益林生态服务功能及价值评估

Assessment of ecological service function and its value of key public welfare forest in Jiangsu Province

【目的】评估江苏省重点公益林的生态服务功能及价值。【方法】依据《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T 1721—2008),利用江苏省森林资源二类调查资料,以及长江三角洲森林生态系统定位研究站长期监测数据和相关研究成果,对江苏省重点公益林生态服务功能及价值进行评估。【结果】江苏省重点公益林生态服务功能总价值为400.63亿元/a,是每年投入的257倍。各项生态服务功能价值大小次序为:涵养水源价值>固碳释氧价值>生物多样性保护价值>森林游憩价值>积累营养物质价值>净化大气环境价值>森林防护价值>保育土壤价值。针叶类树种以及梨、柿、板栗、杜仲、油桐等经济树种生态服务功能较高,其他硬阔及杨树面积大,但其单位面积生态服务功能价值均较低。【结论】公益林分布区应适当将杨树、其他硬阔树种等更新为针叶类,或者梨、柿、板栗、杜仲、油桐等经济树种,以提高江苏省重点公益林的生态服务功能价值。

[ Objective ] This study was aimed at evaluating the ecological service function and value of a public welfare forest in Jiangsu Province, China, based on the ＂Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China （LY/T 1721--2008）. [ Mothed] The ecological services and value of a key public welfare forest in Jiangsu Province were evaluated by using long-term data obtained from the forest ecological station of the Yangtze River Delta and invento- ry data on the public welfare forest collected from Jiangsu Province. [ Resuh ] The total value of the ecological services of the key public welfare forest was 40.063 billion Yuan（RMB）. The ecological services in descending order according to value were： water conservation 〉 carbon fixation and oxygen release 〉 biodiversity conservation 〉 forest recreation 〉 nu- trient accumulation 〉 atmosphere purification 〉 forest protection 〉 soil conservation. The ecological service functions of economic tree species, such as coniferous tree, Pyrus , Diospyros , Castanea mollissima , Eucommia ulmoides , Aleurites fordii, were higher than these of hard broad tree species, the areas inhabited by poplar and other hard broad tree species were quite large; however, the value of ecological service functions per unit area was low. [ Conclusion] Therefore, pop- lar and other hard broad tree species should be replaced by conifers, or Pyrus, Diospyros, Castanea mollissima, Eucom- mia ulmoides, Aleurites fordii, and so on to improve the ecological service function and value of public welfare forests in Jiangsu Province.