女性面孔吸引力的加工及其对男性诚实道德行为的影响:一项ERP研究

Electrophysiological Correlates of Processing Female Facial Attractiveness and Its Influence on Male Honesty

研究考察了不同女性面孔吸引力情境对男性被试诚实道德决策行为的影响,同时采用ERP技术对社会情境中面孔吸引力的信息加工方式特点进行探究。结果发现,高面孔吸引力记录员情境中被试倾向更加真实地报告自己的预测结果而表现出更多诚实的道德决策;ERP结果则发现高吸引力记录员面孔较之于低吸引力记录员面孔在反应提示界面在大脑中后部诱发更大的早期N200成分。结果提示,在与面孔审美评价无关的社会情境中个体面孔的吸引力信息能够被快速识别与自动化加工,同时也会直接促进他人自身的道德行为水平。

Numerous studies have provided behavioral evidence to clarify the relationship between outward beauty and inner goodness. However, previous studies have primarily focused on the mutual relation between aesthetic processing and moral judgment that is “the judgment of same person’s outward appearance and inner morality”. Such research is meaningful, but it also deserves our attention to investigating whether individual facial attractive would influence other person’s moral behavior. Moreover, a series of event-related potential （ERP） studies have investigated the electrophysiological correlates of facial attractiveness processing in various task paradigms. It is still unclear whether facial attractiveness can be detected and processed automatically in social game contexts. This study firstly aims to investigate the influence of female physical attractiveness on male moral behavior as indicated by honesty. Secondly, this study examines the temporal features of brain activities involved in processing facial attractiveness in a social context by recording event-related potentials （ERPs） for attractive and unattractive recorder conditions while participants performed a modified coin-toss game with a reward. Thirty-six male college students （the average age = 22.04 years, SD = 2.08） were recruited and were randomly assigned to one of two conditions： attractive and unattractive female recorder conditions. In the task, participants were informed to gain money by accurately predicting the outcomes of computerized coin-flips. Participants were rewarded based on their self-reported accuracy and could earn a greater reward by lying about their prediction accuracy. A face image of a female recorder （attractive or unattractive） was presented to the participants during the task. We tested the influence of facial attractiveness on one’s honesty by comparing participants’ performance in the presence of different attractive female face. One who self-reported accuracy approximating the statistical probability of 0.5 was considered as more honest. Behavioral results showed that no significant difference between prediction accuracy in the attractive condition and random level （p 〉 0.05） was revealed, self-reported prediction accuracy in the unattractive condition was significantly higher than the random level（p 〈 0.01）. Meanwhile, subjects self-reported prediction accuracy under the attractive recorder condition was significantly lower than that under the unattractive recorder condition （p 〈 0.01）. ERP analysis revealed that a significantly larger central-parietal N200 amplitude was elicited in attractive condition reflecting the enhanced attention towards attractive face due to its emotional significant. This study demonstrated that facial attractiveness is rapidly detected in social game and facilitates human moral honesty; participants were more honest when presented with an attractive face than when presented with unattractive face. In addition, an early electrophysiological response to facial attractive was revealed, which fosters greater understanding of automatic facial processing in a social context.