基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法的低碳机床主轴多目标优化设计

Spindle multi-objective optimization design of low-carbon machine tools based on NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm

机床加工过程能耗及碳排放分析表明,主轴转动惯量是影响机床能耗和碳排放的重要因素之一。考虑弯矩和剪力对主轴刚度的影响,以机床主轴刚度最大和转动惯量最小作为优化目标,以强度、刚度和扭转等受载变形作为约束条件,建立面向高质、低碳的机床主轴多目标优化模型;采用多目标进化算法NSGA-Ⅱ求解,获得Pareto最优解集,为选择最优主轴结构参数提供支持。机床主轴设计案例分析表明,通过提高机床主轴刚度、减小转动惯量,有效地降低了机床加工过程碳排放。

The analysis of energy consumption and carbon emissions in machine tool machining process shows that the rotational inertia of machine tool spindle is one of the important factors that affect energy consumption and carbon emissions of machine tools. Considering the influence of the bending moment and shear force on the spindle stiffness, the spindle multi-objective optimization model for low-carbon and high quality machine tools is established which takes the maximization of the spindle stiffness and the minimization of the rotational inertia as optimization objective, strength, stiffness and torsional de- formation under load deformation as constraint conditions. According to the characteristics of the optimi- zation model, multi-objective evolutionary algorithm NSGA- Ⅱ is taken to obtain the Pareto optimal so- lutions, which will provide supports for choosing optimal spindle parameters. The analysis of the machine tool spindle design example shows the carbon emissions are reduced by improving the spindle stiffness and reducing the rotational inertia.