平板运动试验对马拉松运动成绩的估测意义

Predictive Value of Treadmill Test for the Assessment of Marathon Performance

目的探讨平板运动试验对马拉松运动时间的预测性。方法纳入2016年10月~2017年1月参与正规公路马拉松全程、半程及10km赛事的业余运动员172例,赛前2~4周进行平板运动试验,并要求受试者运动至体力耗竭。分析试验数据与完赛时间的相关性。结果各组的试验总运动时间、最大速度及坡度、运动终止达到的级数和累计代谢当量均与完赛时间呈负相关(P<0.01)。全程马拉松组中的年龄与完赛时间表现呈负相关(P<0.01),并且不同年龄显示出试验对成绩预测性的差异。全程马拉松和10km马拉松组恢复期1min末心率自峰值下降比与完赛时间呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论平板运动试验作为马拉松运动员赛前心脏风险的有效筛查手段,同样对心脏耐力水平和运动成绩有评估价值。

Objective To explore the prediction of marathon performance using treadmill test.Methods A cohort of 172 recreational runners, who entered in formal road marathon, half marathon, and 10 km events, was recruited from October 2016 to January 2017. The study participants completed a treadmill test to voluntary exhaustion and the correlation between test data and marathon race time 2-4 weeks later was analyzed.Results Significant negative correlation was found between treadmill time, peak running speed, peak running gradient, peak running stage, total metabolic equivalents （METS） and marathon race time（P〈0.01） among all the groups. Age showed significantly negative correlation with race time （P〈0.01） in marathon group. In addition, the prediction for marathon performance time was influenced by the age in this group. Decline of percentage of target HR from peak exercise to 1 min post-exercise negatively correlated with race time （P〈0.05） between the marathon and 10 km groups.Conclusion Treadmill test provides an effective method for the marathon runner to screen heart risk, to assess cardiac endurance and to predict athletic performance before race.