新兵应对方式在自尊与焦虑中的中介效应

Mediating Effects of Coping Style on Self-esteem and Anxiety Among Recruits

目的探讨应对方式在新兵自尊与焦虑中的中介效应。方法整群抽取南方某部2100名男性新兵,采用自尊量表(self-esteem scale,SES)、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、特质应对方式问卷(trait coping style questionnaire,TCSQ)进行施测。结果纳入分析的1947份有效问卷中,SES总分为(31.15±4.64)分,SAS总分为(40.70±10.07)分,积极应对(positive coping,PC)、消极应对(negative coping,NC)得分分别为(34.57±6.11)分、(23.73±7.42)分。焦虑与自尊、积极应对呈负相关(r=-0.467,-0.400,均P<0.01),与消极应对呈正相关(r=0.566,P<0.01);自尊与积极应对呈正相关(r=0.437,P<0.01),与消极应对呈负相关(r=-0.467,P<0.01)。自尊、应对方式对焦虑有预测作用,可共同解释总变异的40.90%;应对方式在自尊与焦虑中起部分中介作用,积极应对、消极应对的中介效应值为-0.105、-0.208,效果量分别为22.55%、44.50%。结论自尊和应对方式是影响焦虑的重要因素,应对方式在自尊和焦虑中起着部分中介作用。

Objective To-explore the mediating effects of coping style on self-esteem and anxiety among recruits. Methods Self-esteem scale （SES）, self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） and trait coping style questionnaire （TCSQ） were used to measure 2100 recruits from a south China command by randomly cluster sampling method. Results The SES, SAS, positive coping （PC） and negative coping （NC） scores of 1947 valid questionnaires included were （31. 15 ± 4. 64）, （40. 70± 10. 07）, （34. 57± 6. 11） and （23.73 ± 7. 42） scores, respectively. Anxiety was negatively correlated with self- esteem and PC （r= - 0. 467, - 0. 400, all P〈0. 01）, but it was positively correlated with NC （r = 0. 566, P〈0. 01 ）. Self-esteem was positively correlated with PC （r = 0. 437, P〈0. 01）, but it was negatively correlated with NC （r = - 0. 467, P〈0. 01 ）. Self-esteem and coping style had prediction functions to anxiety for explaining 40. 90% of total vari- ance. Coping style played a partial mediating role in self-esteem and anxiety. The mediating effect value of PC and NC were - 0. 105 and - 0. 208, and the effect sizes were 22. 55 % and 44. 50%, respectively. Conclusion Self-esteem and coping style are important influencing factors for anxiety, meanwhile, coping style plays a partial mediating role in self-es- teem and anxiety.