司法改革语境下合议制度理论的借鉴与重构

Reference and Reconstruction of the Theory of Collegial System in the Context of Judicial Reform

既然理论上的反思属于先易后难的破土,那么在司法改革背景下合议制度理论溯源是整个改革研究的逻辑起点。以理论溯源为基础着手合议制度的理论重构,按照"主体—行为—责任"的逻辑,借鉴组织结构变革理论着手合议庭模式的重构,对合议庭与审判团队化模式的方式开展了论证,提出完善合议庭组织结构的基本思路。依托心理学中群体决策理论成就,集中检讨反思合议制度规则构建,以"罗伯特议事规则"为镜鉴,核心是重新确立合议庭的评议对象与表决内容。在梳理域外司法责任发展脉络的基础上,借助司法责任伦理的理论指导,集中比较并系统分析结果、程序、职业伦理等三种责任模式,吸收三者合理成分,从裁判结果、诉讼程序以及职业伦理方面确立合议庭责任机制的发展方向。

Since the study on theoretical issue is more accessible, then in the background of judicial reform, the theory of collegial system is the logical starting point of the whole reform re- search. Based on the theory of ＂subject -behavior -responsibility＂ and organizational transfor- mation theory, this article discusses the reconstruction of the collegiate panel model, and the way of collegial panel and trial team model. And then this article proposes the fundamental idea to complete organization of collegial panel. Relying on the theory of group decision - making in psy- chology, this article focuses on the review of the rules of collegial system, and takes the ＂Robert Rules of Procedure＂ as the mirror, and makes it clear that the core is to re -establish the object of assessment and voting content of collegial panel. On the basis of combing the development of judicial responsibility of foreign countries, the article tries to analyze the three kinds of responsi- bility modes including result, procedure and professional ethics, further absorb the reasonable composition of these modes, and finally establish direction of responsibility mechanism of collegi- al panel from the aspects ofreferee＇ s result, the procedure and the professional ethics.