美国公立研究型大学建设创业生态系统的策略与特点

The Strategies and Characteristics of Establishing Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Public Research Universities

为应对经费缩减与社会需求增加的现实挑战,转变研究型大学的传统评价理念,缩短与私立研究型大学在关键创业指标上的差距,美国公立研究型大学开启了建设创业生态系统的进程。加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)通过重组技术转移的治理结构、建设全校性创业教育项目以及完善创业支撑体系,在建设创业生态系统方面取得显著成效,并形成了以高质量教学与科研为基础、注重可持续性的创业生态系统建设特色。

In order to cope with the challenges of state disinvestment in higher education and the increasing demand from the society,the public research universities in the United States have been actively establishing the entrepreneurship ecosystem to change the traditional evaluation ideas of public research universities and to close the gap in key entrepreneurial indexes of private research universities.This paper analyzes the case of University of California-Los Angeles（UCLA）,which has achieved remarkable performance in entrepreneurship by reorganizing the governance framework of technology transfer,constructing university-wide entrepreneurship education programs and improving entrepreneurship supporting system.The Ecosystem for entrepreneurship at UCLA is characterized by the basis of high teachingresearch quality and the focus on sustainability.