RNA病毒利用外泌体促进病毒感染的研究进展

Advances of RNA virus increasing viral infection through the exosomes

外泌体是一种由细胞主动向胞外分泌的囊泡类小体,因其能在细胞间传递蛋白、脂类和核酸等分子,而被认为是一种新的重要的细胞间通讯方式。RNA病毒,如HIV-1、HCV等,作为一类重要的病原体,一直影响着全人类的健康。近来的研究发现,病毒能够利用外泌体的某些相关功能促进其复制与传播。然而,对外泌体与病毒感染的相关研究才刚刚起步,尚有很多方面并未被详细认知,所要研究的内容还有很多。本文主要总结了外泌体在一些RNA病毒感染中的促进作用及其可能的机制,以期让大家了解RNA病毒与外泌体之间已有的相互关系。

Exosome is a kind of vesicles secreted by cells. It has been thought to be a new important way of cell and cell communication due to its carrying some molecules such as protein, lipid and nucleic acid. RNA viruses, such as HIV-1, HCV, as a class of important pathogens affect human health. Viruses can promote their replication and transmission using certain relevant functions of the exosomes, however, the relevant study of the interaction of exosome and virus infection has just been started. Many aspects of the exosomes have not been fully recognized and still many studies need to be done. In this paper, we summarize the role of exosome in the promotion of various RNA viruses infection to provide insight into the relationship between RNA viruses and exosomes.