中药材质量基本数据探索研究——农药残留分析

Basic Data Investigation for Quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis of Pesticide Residues

农药残留是中药材的一种主要外源污染物,严重影响中药用药安全及其疗效,对中药材农药残留情况进行系统调查并建立数据档案十分必要。根据2012—2014及2016年第4次中药资源普查收集的11种药材样品的农药残留状况进行研究,通过对农药残留检测数据分析可知,542批样品中共263批检测到农药残留,其中仅5批药材样品中农药残留量超标,约占总样品数的0.92%,其余绝大部分样品中农药残留量处于较低水平。将所收集的不同品种、不同药用部位以及不同产地药材中农药残留量检测结果进行统计,发现药材中除含有一些常见低毒类农药外,部分药材中还含有一些高毒、剧毒类已禁用农药,此类现象应引起相关部门高度关注。根据此次整理结果对中药材农药残留现象提出一些合理的检测建议以及指出需重点监测农药品种,以期为我国中药材农药残留监控管理制度建立以及新版《中国药典》中农药残留限量标准制定提供有效数据支持。

Pesticide residue is a major exogenous pollutant of traditional Chinese medicine（ TCM）,which seriously affects the safety and efficacy of TCM,therefore,it is necessary to systematically investigate the pesticide residue and establish data files of TCM. According to the test results of pesticide residues from 11 kinds of TCM samples collected from the fourth Chinese Materia Medicine Resource Survey in 2012-2014,and 2016. In the analysis results of a total of 542 batches of TCM samples,pesticide residues were detected in 263 batches,of which only 5 batches had exceeded content of the pesticide residues accounting for about 0. 92% of the total TCM samples,and the pesticide residues content of the remaining TCM samples was less. In the statistics analysis of pesticide residues from different species,different medicinal parts and different producing areas,there were some common low-toxic pesticides and also some high-toxic pesticides which have been banned for using in some TCM samples. This phenomena shall be received great concern by the relevant departments. This paper would put forward some reasonable recommendations and some pesticide varieties which need to be monitored according to the analysis results,with a view to providing some effective data,establishing monitoring and management systems and perfecting the standard on pesticide residues of TCM samples for ＂Chinese Pharmacopoeia＂.