创业与创新的互动关系研究——基于二种创业度量方式的分析

The Study on the Interactive Relationship between Entrepreneurship and Innovation——Based on Two Ways of Entrepreneurship Measurement

以1997—2015年的省际面板数据为对象,运用面板向量自回归模型(PVAR)研究了创业与创新间的关系,并用两种不同的指标分别度量了创业。结果表明:以新建企业数占比度量的创业而言,创新对创业的影响在我国不太显著,但创业是创新的格兰杰因,其对创新有显著负向影响,由此证明了创业对创新的影响不恒为正,其呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且对创新的总贡献度较大。而以自我雇佣数占比度量的创业,无论是总的创业还是细分的机会型创业与生存型创业,与创新之间均不存在统计上显著的相互影响关系。这一结论意味着我国要高度关注创业的质量,而不仅仅是数量。

Based on the provincial panel data from 1997 to 2015,this paper investigated the relationship between entrepreneurship and innovation by panel VAR model,and measured the entrepreneurship separately by means of two different indexes.The results show that,as far as entrepreneurship measured by new firm,the impact of innovation on entrepreneurship is not significant,but entrepreneurship is granger reason of innovation,and has the significantly negative effect on the innovation.Therefore,the impact of entrepreneurship on innovation is not always positive,the trend is to rise at first and then to fall,generally with the great effect.As far as entrepreneurship measured by self-employment,there is no significantly interactive effect between entrepreneurship and innovation in statistics,no matter general entrepreneurship or opportunity or necessity-push entrepreneurship.These conclusions demonstrate that we should pay more attention to quality than to quantity of entrepreneurship.