天津市0～6岁儿童二类疫苗接种现状及影响因素

Coverage status of category B vaccines and its influence factors among the 0～6 years old children in Tianjin

目的了解天津市儿童二类疫苗接种率及儿童家长对二类疫苗的认知情况,分析二类疫苗接种影响因素,为制定相关疫苗接种策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方式抽取3个区针对6岁以下儿童家长开展问卷调查,问卷调查内容包括儿童家庭一般情况、家长对二类疫苗认知情况以及儿童二类疫苗接种情况等相关内容。结果共调查450名儿童家长,其中344名儿童(76.44%)接种过二类疫苗,水痘疫苗接种率最高(56.00%),七价肺炎疫苗接种率最低(4.89%)。经多因素Logistic回归分析表明,儿童年龄、家庭收入、母亲健康情况及家长对疫苗接种信息知晓程度是影响儿童二类疫苗接种的相关因素(P<0.05)。家庭收入越高、母亲越健康、家长对疫苗接种信息了解越多,相应的儿童二类疫苗接种水平越高。结论目前天津市儿童二类疫苗接种水平有待进一步提高,需采取多种措施宣传引导儿童家长增强疫苗认知,规范疫苗接种服务管理,提高儿童二类疫苗接种水平,有效防控相关传染病发生。

Objective To investigate the vaccination status and its influence factors of the category B vaccines of children from 0 to 6 years old in Tianjin,and provide scientific basis for the management strategy of the vaccines. Methods Three districts were selected by the stratified random sampling method,and questionnaire was for the parents of the children under the age of 6. The content included childrens family in generahparents＇cognition of the category B vaccines,and other related content. Results 450 parents were investigated,and 344 children（76. 44%） wee injected the category B vaccines,the vaccination rate of varicella vaccine w,as the highest （56.00% ）,and the vaccination rate of PCV7 was the lowest（4. 89%）. Children＇s age, familyr income, motherrs health status and parents＇ cognition of the category B vaccines were the factors affecting the category B vaccines inoculation rate （ P 〈 0. 0 5 ） . The vaccination rate was much higher among the families with higher income, the mothers being healthier and the parents with higher cognition level of the vaccine. Conclusion The category B vaccination of the children in Tianjin needs to be further improved, w,e should strengthen the health education and guidance to improve the parents＇ cognition,to standardize the service management,and take other measures to increase the vaccination rate,so as to prevent and control the infectious diseases effectively.