高等教育研究中的整体性思维及其统摄价值

Holistic Thinking and Its Value in the Research of Higher Education

在高等教育研究中,抽象性思维与问题导向性思维缺一不可。抽象性思维与问题导向性思维彼此既分殊又统合,二者经由关系调适耦合成高等教育研究的整体性思维。整体性思维是抽象性思维与问题导向性思维的综合运用。整体性思维把高等教育系统看作边界相对清晰、构成要素多元和构成层次繁复的社会子系统,为研究者提供了一种用以分析、研判高等教育本质和现象的方法论。在高等教育研究中,整体性思维的统摄有助于弥合"学科与领域之争",有助于统合高等教育理论研究与实践研究两个方面。

Abstract thinking and problem-oriented thinking are indispensable in higher education research. Abstract thinking and problem-oriented thinking are divided and integrated with each other, and the two are integrated into the holistic thinking of higher education research through the adjustment of their relations. Fundamentally speaking, holistic thinking is the comprehensive application of abstract thinking and problem-oriented thinking. Holistic thinking regards higher education system as a social subsystem with relatively clear boundary, multiple elements and complex structure, which provides researchers with a methodology to analyze and judge the essence and phenomenon of higher education. In the research of higher education, the value of holistic thinking is mainly embodied in two aspects, firstly helping to silence ＂the debate of subject and field＂, and secondly helping to integrate theory research with practice research.