细胞因子与骨髓间充质干细胞在骨组织工程中的研究现状

Current Research Status of Cytokines and Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Engineering

骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)是指来源于骨髓基质细胞中的一类干细胞,具有多向分化潜能的干细胞,可分化为成骨细胞、软骨细胞、血管内皮细胞等。近年来随着组织工程技术的迅猛发展,BMSCs以其易于取材、免疫原性低等优点,成为组织工程优良种子细胞。细胞因子是存在于细胞外组织内的小分子蛋白质,在BMSCs成骨分化过程中,多种细胞因子发挥重要作用,各细胞因子之间也存在交叉影响作用。实验证明,细胞因子可以影响骨组织微环境,进而影响BMSCs的动员、迁移、分化等,但其影响机制尚未明确。

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs） is a series of stem ceils which come from marrow stroma cells. It can differentiate into osteoblast, chondroblast, chondrocyte, vascular endothelial cell and has general characteristics of stem cells. With the rapid development of tissue engineering technology in recent years, BMSCs has become the main seed cell for tissue engineering due to its advantage of easier access and low immunogenicity. Cytokines are small molecular proteins present in extracellular tissues. In the process of bone differentiation in BMSCs, many cytokines play important roles, and there are intersecting effeets among the cytokines. Experimental results show that cytokines can affect the mieroenviron- ment of bone tissue and the mobilization, migration and differentiation of BMSCs, but the mechanism is not clear yet.