血管内皮细胞对血管平滑肌细胞影响的研究进展

Research Progress in the Effect of Vascular Endothelial Cells on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

血管内皮细胞(VECs)和血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)是血管壁的主要组成细胞。VECs能够保护血管内环境、维持血压以及调节血管运动,是维持血管生理功能平衡的关键。VSMCs可通过舒张和收缩改变血管直径使血管保持适当血压。VECs与VSMCs相邻,它能最先感知血液中的刺激影响VSMCs,进而影响血管的生理状态。在病理条件下,VECs发生损伤和功能失调,导致VSMCs表型转换、增殖及凋亡,进而引发多种心血管疾病。目前,VECs对VSMCs的影响受到越来越多学者的关注,而VECs功能失调对VSMCs的影响与动脉粥样硬化形成之间的关系是今后研究的重点。

Vascular endothelial cells （VECs） and vascular smooth muscle cells （VSMCs） are the major constitutive cells of the vascular wall. VECs are the key to maintain the balance of vascular physiological function, which can protect the environment of the blood vessel, maintain blood pressure and regulate blood vessel movement. VSMCs can maintain proper blood pressure through diastole and contraction. Adjacent to VSMCs, VECs are the first to perceive the effects of blood-borne stimulation on VSMCs, which in turn affect the physiological status of blood vessels. Under pathological conditions, VECs undergo injury and dysfunction, resulting in the phenotypic transformation, proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs, which in turn lead to a variety of cardiovascular diseases. At present, the influence of VECs on VSMCs is attracting more and more scholars＇ attention,and the relevancy between the influence of VECs on VSMCs and the formation of atherosclerosis will be the focus of future research.