动物胎盘生物活性物质及应用研究进展

Progress on Bioactive Substances and Functions of Animal placenta

胎盘俗称胎衣,中医称为紫河车,其内含有多种生物活性物质如蛋白质、氨基酸、免疫调节肽、生殖激素、矿物元素、维生素及多种功能因子等。这些活性物质具有调节机体免疫、抗应激、抗氧化等功效,对人体健康非常有益。随着生物提取工艺的进步,胎盘中含有的免疫活性肽、激素以及其他一些生物活性成分逐渐被分离出来,应用于调节体内激素水平,提高机体免疫力,促进生长以及治疗疾病等,并取得了较好的效果。家畜胎盘生物活性成分分离与应用研究起步较晚,且主要集中在鹿、羊、猪的胎盘上。论文结合国内外关于胎盘提取物的应用研究,对胎盘的免疫调节、激素调节以及生物促长等多种生物学功能以及临床应用进行了综述。

Placenta contains a variety of bioactive substances such as proteins,amino acids,immunomodulatory peptides, reproductive hormones, mineral elements, vitamins and a variety of functional factors. These active substances can regulate the body immunity, they also have some other effects such as anti-stress, anti-oxidation and so on, which are very beneficial to human health.With the improvement of biological extraction process,the placenta containing immune active peptides, hormones and some other bioactive ingredients are gradually separated, which are used to regulate the body hormone levels, improve the body immunity,promote growth and treatment of diseases,and made better effects.The research on the separation and application of biologically active components from the placenta of animals was started late and mainly focused on the placenta of deers, sheep and pigs.In this paper, combined with domestic and foreign research on the application of placenta extract, the immune regulation of the placenta, hormone regulation and biological promotion and other biological functions and clinical applications were reviewed.