手术部位感染患者临床特点及围手术期保温措施的预防效果评价

Clinical characteristics of patients with surgical site infections and prevention effect assessment of perioperative heat preservation measures

目的分析患者手术部位感染的临床特点,为研究手术部位感染的危险因素及相应的预防措施提供参考依据,同时评价围手术期保温措施对预防手术部位感染的作用。方法选取2015年1月-2016年12月于医院各科室接受手术治疗的750例患者为研究对象,分析出现手术部位感染患者的临床特点;从750例患者中随机选取240例,随机分为研究组和对照组,每组各120例,研究组围手术期采取适当的保温措施,对照组按常规方式实施手术,对比分析两组术后发生手术部位感染的情况,评价围手术期保温措施对感染的预防效果。结果 750例患者共实施手术772例次,发生手术部位感染34例、38例次,感染率为4.5%、例次感染率为4.9%;38例次手术部位感染中,位于表浅切口部位的较高为28例次占73.7%;发生手术部位感染率较高的科室依次为烧伤科、泌尿外科和骨科;对照组术中平均体温低于研究组(P<0.05);研究组的术后手术部位感染率为3.0%低于对照组的5.8%。结论手术部位感染主要发生于表浅切口,常见于烧伤科,围手术期采取适当的保温措施能够有效地预防患者手术部位的感染,减少患者的病痛,建议临床上在围手术期采用合理的保温方式,尽可能地减少手术部位的感染。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with surgical site infections,in order to provide a reference basis for further study of risk factors for surgical site infections and corresponding prevention measures,and to evaluate effect of perioperative insulation measures on the prevention of surgical site infections at the same time.METHODS A total of 750 cases of patients who received surgical treatment in departments of the hospital from Jan.2015 to Dec.2016 were selected as the research objects,and the clinical characteristics of patients with surgical site infections were analyzed.A total of 240 cases were randomly selected from 750 patients,and were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 120 cases in each group.Patients in observation group took appropriate insulation measures during the perioperative period,and in control group were operated routinely.The postoperative surgical site infections of the two groups of patients were compared,and the prevention effect of perioperative heat preservation measures on infections was evaluated.RESULTS In 750 patients,772 operations were performed,34 patients and 38 times had surgical site infections,and the infection rates were 4.5%,and the case-time infection rate was 4.9%.Among the 38 cases of surgical site infections,the location of superficial incision was 28 cases,accounting for 73.7%.The departments with higher incidence of surgical site infections were burn department,department of urology and department of orthopedics.The mean body temperature in control group was significently lower than that in observation group（P〈0.05）.The postoperative site infection rate of observation group was 3%,which was significantly lower than 5.8% of control group.CONCLUSIONSurgical site infections mainly occurs in superficial incision,and is commonly in burn department,Perioperative appropriate heat preservation measures can effectively prevent patients with surgical site infections,and reduce the patient＇s pain.It is suggested that a reasonable way of heat preservation should be adopted during the perioperative period,as far as possible to reduce surgical site infections.