基于可重构柔性工装的机身框定位/支撑布局优化

Locating/Supporting Layout Optimization for Fuselage Frame Based on Reconfigurable Flexible Fixture

可重构柔性工装使用柔性定位器实现装配件的定位/支撑,具有可重构和柔性的特点。使用可重构柔性工装进行机身立式装配时,存在的柔性形变产生柔性定位误差,影响装配精度。本文着眼于提高装配精度,针对立式装配中可重构柔性工装的柔性定位误差的控制策略展开研究。首先,根据工装的结构特点与定位/支撑原理,分析误差流,追溯误差来源。其次,通过优化框件的定位/支撑布局减小柔性定位误差的影响。考虑到优化中装配件的工艺特征产生的约束条件,针对定位/支撑点的可行设计域建立约束数学模型,设计修补算法和改进的优化算法。最后,使用MATLAB运行优化算法并调用基于APDL语言开发的参数化模型进行仿真计算,完成定位/支撑布局的约束优化。优化结果表明,得到的最优布局可以提高装配精度,改进的优化算法具备有效性,通过优化定位/支撑布局控制定位误差的策略具备可行性。

In the process of aircraft assembly, workpieces are located and supported by flexible locators on assembly fixture, which is reconfigurable and flexible. However, the assembly accuracy is decreased for the existence of flexible locating errors caused by flexible deformation when vertical assembly is in- volved in assembly fixture. To increase the assembly accuracy of vertical assembly in reconfigurable flexible fixture, the research on the strategy of flexible error control is developed. Firstly, the locating error is analyzed and traced according to the features of structure and theories of locating/supporting. Secondly, the influence of flexible locating errors is reduced by optimizing the locating/supporting lay-out. Considering the constraints caused by features of workpieces, the mathematical model ot con- straints is built based on the feasible design region, therefore, the repairing method is presented as well as the corresponding optimization algorithm is improved. Finally, the optimization is conducted by call- ing parameterized model based on APDL language in MATLAB environment. As a result, the availabili- ty of the improved algorithm and the feasibility of the error control strategy are demonstrated by simula- tion result that the assembly accuracy is promoted by the optimized locating/supporting layout.