国际贸易中油气品的损溢控制和管理

Loss Control and Management of Oil and Gas Products in International Trade

以笔者所在公司为例介绍了当前国际石油贸易计量管理上的特点和难点:油品进货损耗原因复杂、损耗率超过-0.5%才能索赔、源头计量管理难以控制、人为短少防不胜防等,而该公司采取了针对性的损溢控制和解决措施:一是以国际API和ASTM为标准,在技术上理清损耗原因;二是对进货损耗超-0.5%的,安排保险索赔;三是加强进货损耗-0.5%以内的数量管理;四是根据统计数据,核实供应商和船只的损耗责任;五是通过网上签批,加强审核签批,落实内控措施;六是加强第三方计量公正行的管理,使公司全品种油气平均货损耗率由2013年的-0.15%,降至2017年上半年的-0.08%,对实现公司经济效益有重要现实意义。

At present,in the international oil trade management,the reasons for the loss of oil are complex,and claim can be made only if the purchasing loss rate exceeded the range of-0. 5%,the measurement and management on the source is difficult to control,and artificial shortage is impossible to guard against. The solutions to control oil loss are put forward: according to the international API and ASTM standards,the reasons for the loss should be technically clarified; for the purchase loss rate over-0.5%, insurance claims should be arranged; the quantity management should be strengthened for the purchase loss less than-0. 5%; based on statistical data,responsibility of suppliers and carriers for the loss should be verified; through online endorsement,the audit signature and the internal control measures should be implemented; the fair behavior of measurement by the third party should be monitored. After the implementation of these measures,remarkable results were achieved and the interest of enterprises was maintained,providing a reference for the relevant enterprises to strengthen the loss control.