传统文化与生态德育价值观的转向——兼论小学品德学科教材中“人与自然”的关系

The Veer of Traditional Culture and Ecological Moral Values——On the Relationship between Man and Nature in Moral Textbook in Primary School

生态德育通过正确的价值引导与澄清,使受教育者正确认识人与自然之间的道德关系,学校生态德育落实的直接途径是品德课,以工具价值和内在价值为标准对思想品德学科教材中涉及"人与自然"关系的内容进行理念分析,其分析结果是:教材内容所蕴含的价值观是弱人类中心论,在人类中心视域下,"人与自然"的关系是"我与它"的依附关系,而"人与自然"关系应定位为"我与你"的道德关系。因此需要进行价值观的转变,从人类中心论转向非人类中心论。非人类中心论视域下人与自然各自被赋予了目的性和独立性,是"我与你"的道德关系。传统文化中的"天人合一"作为非人类中心论的理论基础,为其植入了内在生长力。

By correct value guidance and clarification, the ecological moral education makes the educated possess correct under- standing of the moral relationship between man and nature. The direct way to implement the ecological moral education is moral educa- tion class. Using the tool value and intrinsic value as the standard, we analyzed the man and nature part in two textbooks, Moral and Life, Moral and Society. The findings are： the value of the contents is weak anthropoeentrism. In human-centered perspective, the rela- tionship between man and nature is an attachment like ＂it and I＂, but the relationship should be defined as moral relationship like ＂you and I＂. Therefore, the value needs to be changed from anthropoeentrism to non-anthropocentrism. From the perspective of non- anthropocentrism, man and nature are endowed with purpose and independence respectively, which is a moral relationship between ＂you and I＂. As the theoretical foundation of non-anthropoeentrism, the traditional ＂harmony between man and nature＂ has implanted inner growth power to it.