长效抗菌材料在经外周放置中心静脉导管患者中的应用效果

Application effect of long-acting antibacterial materials in patients with peripherally inserted central venous catheter

目的分析经外周放置中心静脉导管患者应用长效抗菌材料(JUC)护理局部感染和皮肤过敏情况。方法选取2015年6月~2017年6月我院接诊的106例经外周放置中心静脉导管患者,用随机数表法分为研究组和对照组,每组53例。对照组患者使用3M透明敷料覆盖经外周放置中心静脉导管穿刺点,研究组患者先喷洒JUC再使用3M透明敷料覆盖经外周放置中心静脉导管穿刺点。比较分析两组患者护理后局部感染和皮肤过敏情况。结果两组患者护理后均出现局部感染症状(持续红肿、有异常分泌物和疼痛或压痛)。研究组患者的总局部感染率为5.66%,明显低于对照组(26.52%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者护理后均出现皮肤过敏症状(瘙痒、皮疹或水疱等)。研究组患者总皮肤过敏率为9.43%,明显低于对照组(30.19%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论使用3M透明敷料覆盖经外周放置中心静脉导管穿刺点前喷洒JUC明显降低了经外周放置中心静脉导管患者局部感染和皮肤过敏情况,促进了患者早日康复,值得在临床广泛应用。

Objective To analyze the application of long-acting antibacterial material （JUC） in the care of local infec- tion and skin allergy in patients with peripherally inserted central venous catheter.Methods From June 2015 to June 2017,106 patients who received central venous catheter in our hospital were seleted and evenly divided into research group and control group by a random number table.In the control group,the puncture point of peripheral insertion of central venous catheter was covered by 3M transparent dressing,while in the research group,before covering 3M trans- parent dressing,long-acting antibacterial material was sprayed.The local infection and skin allergy after nursing were compared and analyzed in the two groups.Results Symptoms of local infection including sustained swelling and disten- sion,abnormal secretion,pain or pressing pain after placement of central venous catheter.In the research group,the total local infection rate was 5.66% in patients with peripheral insertion of central venous catheter,much lower than that in the control group accounting for 26.52%,the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.Skin allergy like itching, rash or blister occurred in both groups.The total skin allergy rate was 9.43% ,greatly lower than that in the control group （30.19%）,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Spraying JUC to the puncture point from peripheral insertion of central venous catheter before covering 3M transparent dressing remarkably decrease the local infection and skin allergy,which enhances patient＇s confidence on early recovery,and is worthy of extensive application in clinic.