新生儿首针乙肝疫苗接种状况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Neonatal First Injection of Hepatitis B Vaccination

目的探讨新生儿首针乙肝疫苗接种情况。方法抽取我院分娩新生儿2 898例,时间为2016年4月1日—2017年4月1日,对新生儿进行乙肝疫苗接种,对其接种情况进行调查分析,包括及时接种率与无法及时接种的原因。结果所有新生儿中24 h内接种2 705例,及时接种率达到93.34%;不能及时接种的原因包括转儿科治疗、难产、早产、低出生体重儿等,转儿科治疗占比39.90%,早产占比38.86%,难产占比12.95%,低出生体重儿占比6.74%,家长拒绝接种占比1.04%,接种免疫球蛋白占比0.52%,说明转儿科治疗与难产、早产的占比明显高于其他原因,比较组间数据,差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论本地区新生儿乙肝疫苗的首针及时接种率较高,对不能及时接种的原因进行综合分析,采取对症干预措施,提高及时接种率。

Objective To investigate the vaccination of the first hepatitis B vaccine in newborns. Methods 2 898 cases of neonatal born in our hospital from April 1, 2016 to April 1, 2017 were selected. Hepatitis B vaccination was carried out in newborns, and the vaccination situation was investigated, including the timely vaccination rate and the reasons for not timely vaccination. Results 2 705 cases were inoculated in 24 h in all newborns, and the rate of timely vaccination reached 93.34%. Not timely vaccinated reasons including pediatric treatment, dystocia, premature birth, low birth weight, etc., pediatric treatment accounted for 39.90%, premature accounted for 38.86%, dystocia accounted for 12.95%, low birth weight accounted for 6.74%, the parents refused to vaccinate 1.04%, vaccinal immune globulin accounted for 0.52%, specification turns and treatment of pediatric during childbirth, the proportion of premature birth were obviously higher than that of other reasons, there were statistically significant differences between groups, P 〈 0.05. Conclusion The first injection rate of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine in this region is high, and the reasons for not timely inoculation are analyzed, and the intervention measures are adopted to improve the timely vaccination rate.