汉语新诗体式探索与新诗大家——历史的回顾与启示

Research on Chinese New Poetry Style and Great Master of New Poetry——the Review and Enlightenment of History

和散文、小说的"无定式"相比,诗通常会形成某些特别适应时代审美心理的体式。相对稳固、可大量"复制"且广泛接受的形式,往往就是当时普遍性审美心理的"外化"或者形式化。新诗体的形成,通常是对普遍性审美心理的有效捕捉和艺术把握,是诗人与读者实现高效融通的心理默契。汉语新诗四行节、八行节最为常见,其中一些组合形式或许会逐渐成型,经由读者和时间的选汰,逐步形成"可复制"的基本体式。双节对称形式不但出现频次高,受欢迎程度亦高,很可能是目前较为成型的新诗体式之一。与体式构建相关的诗歌韵律,可分为基本标准、高级标准和严格的标准("超级标准")。与宋词一样,新体的创制以及创造性运用,也必将成为新诗大家的标志之一。

Poetry often forms some special aesthetic styles to adapt the times. The styles what are relatively stable, easy to ＂copy＂ in large quantities and widely accepted are usually the ＂outside＂ or the formalization of universal aesthetic psychology at that time. The formation of new poetry is usually an effective capture or artistry of universal aesthetic psychology and is a psychological understanding to make poets and readers realize efficient comprehension. Quatrains and octaves are most common in Chinese new poetry, and some combinations may gradually form. Bimodal symmetric forms not only appear in a high frequency, but also in a high populari- ty, and may be one of the relatively ripe new poetry styles at present. The rhythm of Chinese poetry related to style construction can be divided into basic standards, high standards and strict standards （super standards）. As the same with Song poetry, the creation and creative application of new styles will certainly be one of the symbols of great master of new poetry.