中国西南温光型两系杂交小麦研究进展

Research Progress of Thermo-photo Sensitive Two-line Hybrid Wheat in Southwest China

为深入西南温光型两系杂交小麦研究,综述了中国西南温光型两系杂交小麦研究历程,包括温光型不育系的发现和温光型两系杂交小麦研究的起始,温光型不育系育性稳定性研究,生理变化,温光条件对育性的影响,外源化学物质对‘C49S’育性的影响;总结了应用研究成果,包括对原始温光型不育系的改造,恢复系的选育,温光型两系杂交小麦强优势组合筛选,中国西南温光型两系杂交小麦配套栽培技术研究及其生产示范;提出了西南温光型两系杂交小麦研究中存在的问题:(1)对条锈病抗性的丧失影响杂交小麦的应用,(2)如何提高制种纯度的问题,(3)如何降低制种成本的问题。文章最后介绍了西南温光型两系杂交小麦研究的新动向,提出了应对方法。

To promote research on thermo-photo sensitive two-line hybrid wheat in southwest China, the research progress was reviewed, including the discovery of thermo-photo sensitive male sterile line, the origin of research on thermo-photo sensitive two-line hybrid wheat, the stability of male sterile line, the physiology change, the effects of light and temperature on fertility and the effects of the extraneous chemicals on the fertility of ＇C49S＇. The application achievements were reviewed, including the improvement of original thermo-photo sensitive male sterile line, the breeding of restore line, the screening of strong heterosis hybridized combination of thermo-photo sensitive two-line hybrid wheat, and the supporting cultivation measures together with production demonstration of thermo-photo sensitive two-line hybrid wheat in southwest China. The problems in thermo-photo sensitive two-line hybrid wheat breeding in southwest China were proposed： （1） hybrid wheat application would be restricted by the loss of the stripe rust resistance, （2） how to increase the purity of hybrid wheat seed, （3） how to decrease the cost of hybrid wheat seed production. Finally, new research directions on thermo-photo sensitive two-line hybrid wheat in southwest China were introduced.