秸秆还田对土壤改良及作物生长影响的研究进展

Effect of Straw Returning on Soil Improvement and Crop Growth: Research Progress

作物秸秆是一种农业可再生资源,含有大量作物生长所需的矿质元素,具有巨大的应用潜力。秸秆还田既可以缓解因秸秆废弃而带来的环境污染,实现资源的优化配置,又有助于改良土壤质量,促进作物生长。笔者介绍了秸秆还田的主要方法,结合近几年国内外秸秆还田技术的研究成果,从秸秆的主要成分,秸秆还田后对土壤理化性状、土壤微生物、作物生长发育及产质量的影响,秸秆还田配套施用技术和综合效果评价等方面综合阐述了秸秆还田的研究进展。研究结果可为综合利用秸秆还田技术与形成各产区配套的还田模式提供一定的参考依据。

Crop straw has great application potential, which contains a large number of mineral elements for crop growth and is an agricultural renewable resource. Straw returning can reduce the environmental pollution caused by straw wastes, realize the optimal allocation of resources, and contribute to improve soil quality and promote crop growth. The authors introduced the main methods of straw returning based on the research achievement of straw returning at home and abroad in recent years, the research progress of straw returning was introduced from the aspects of the main components of straw, the effects of straw returning on soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbes, crop growth and development and crop yield, straw returning application technology and the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation. The results could provide references for comprehensive utilization of straw returning and form a regional straw returning matching mode.