灌水时期及灌水量对大豆产量及产量因子的影响

Effects on Yield and Yield Factors of Soybean: Irrigation Stage and Irrigation Amount

为了研究不同时期不同灌水量处理对大豆产量及产量因子的影响,以‘晋豆19’为材料,采用二因素完全随机区组设计的方法,进行一次性灌水试验,设3个不同灌水时期4个不同灌水量处理。结果表明,3个灌水时期中,花荚期灌水对大豆产量的促进效应最佳,其次是鼓粒期、分枝期,但花荚期灌水时随着灌水量的增加,产量呈先增后减的趋势。灌水6000 m^3/hm^2对大豆产量的促进作用最明显。花荚期灌水对大豆株高促进作用最明显,其次是分枝期、鼓粒期。灌水时期和灌水量两因素对大豆株高的互作效应极显著,多重比较表明,花荚期灌水6000 m^3/hm^2对大豆株高影响最大;灌水时期对大豆干物质重的影响顺序为花荚期、鼓粒期、分枝期,花荚期灌水6000 m^3/hm^2对大豆干物质重影响最大。本试验认为在干旱半干旱地区进行一次性灌水时,花荚期灌水6000 m^3/hm^2为宜。

To study the effect of different irrigation stages and amounts on yield and yield factors of soybean,using soybean variety‘Jindou No 19＇as material, one time irrigation test with three irrigation periods and fourirrigation amounts was carried out by two-factor randomized block design. The results showed that during threeirrigation periods, the promoting effect at flowering pod stage on soybean yield was the best, followed by thegrain-filling stage and branching stage. Soybean yield at flowering pod stage first increased and then decreasedwith the increase of irrigation amount. The promotion effect of 6000 m^3/hm^2 irrigation amount on soybean yieldwas the most significant. The irrigation at flowering pod stage had the most obvious promotion effect on thesoybean height, followed by the grain-filling stage and branching stage. The coupling effects of irrigationperiod and irrigation amount on soybean height was extremely significant. Multiple comparisons revealed thatthe irrigation amount of 6000 m^3/hm^2 at the flowering pot stage had the greatest effect on the height. Theinfluence order of irrigation period on the dry matter weight of soybean was flowering pod stage, grain-fillingstage and branching stage, the irrigation amount of 6000 m^3/hm^2 at flowering pod stage had the biggest effect.Taken together, for the one time irrigation in the arid and semi-arid areas, the irrigation amount of 6000 m^3/hm^2 at flowering pod stage is recommended.