我国司法如何确认商品化权(下)

The Way to Recognize Merchandizing Rights in the Judiciary

时代已进至不保护商品化权就难以合理解决个案纠纷的节点。在立法不可能及时跟进的情况下,对该权利的保护将在很长时间里主要依靠司法对法律的灵活解释和权衡。目前,我国司法中保护商品化权,最合理的法律基础是反误认,而非授予专有财产权。不同客体的商品化权,可依据不同的法律给予法律效果大概相同的救济:真人的商品化权仍可通过灵活解释民法中的人格权制度予以保护;虚构形象和其他形象的商品化权,司法将不得不设立一种"商品化权益",保护这种民法中没有明确列举,但却必须予以保护的利益。适用不同法源的商品化权,由于保护的是相同的利益,其保护要件基本相同,其中最为本质的,是存在"稳定对应关系";侵权认定标准也基本相同,都是构成"认可关系"的误认。

Abstract： The time has already gone to where cases would not be addressed fairly if merchandizing rights were not protected well. Given legislation could not follow up timely, it would mainly depend on the judiciary to protect the rights through interpreting and balancing current statutes flexibly. The most acceptable basis for the judiciary to protect merchandizing rights is not exclusive property rights, but anti-misrepresentation, i.e., passing off. Although applying different statutes for a variety of merchandizing rights, the relief they could get is almost the same. Personality rights of civil law are still appropriate legal source to protect merchandizing rights of natural person＇s identity while a separate ＂merchandizing rights＂ seems necessary to be established to protect merchandizing interests of fictional character and other images. Owning to the same interests involved in all kinds of merchandizing rights, the prerequisites for the protection is almost the same： steady correspondence, and the standard for establishing infringement is also the same： misrepresentation.