酸性催化剂的酸性表征研究进展

Research Advances in Acidity Characterization of Acid Catalysts

酸催化在化学工业过程中有广泛的研究与应用,其反应活性与酸性紧密相关.催化剂的酸强度、酸量、催化剂类型均为催化反应的重要影响因素.本工作综述了酸类型、酸量、酸强度常用的表征方法,并就各自优缺点作了简单阐述,着重综述了三类表征方法在催化剂酸类别、结构及应用方面的研究进展,对于帮助充分认识酸催化的机理、选择合适的催化剂具有十分重要的指导意义.

Acid catalyst has been widely used and well-studied in chemical process and their catalytic activities are normally dictated by their acidities. Determination of acidity of acid catalyst, such as type, amount（concentration）, and strength, are the great significance for achieving desired results of catalytic reactions. In this mini review, the characterization methods for acid type, acid amount, acid strength and their recent progresses were summarized, and the merits and disadvantages of each method were also reviewed with specific focus on the progress of the three characterization methods in acid type, structure and application of the catalysts. It is of great significance to help readers fully understand the mechanism of acid catalysis and select suitable catalysts.