公路风屏障流场特性及自身风荷载的足尺模型风洞试验研究

A FULL-SCALE WIND TUNNEL TEST ON CHARACTERISTICS OF FLOW FIELDS FOR THE HIGHWAY BARRIER AND ITS WIND LOADS

为探究公路风屏障后方流场分布特性及自身风荷载,针对6种不同板形,通过足尺节段模型风洞试验测试了各风屏障后方不同车道处的流场分布及距离地面不同高度处障条的风荷载,在此基础上对比分析屏障孔隙尺寸和开孔形式对其后方流场分布的影响,求得了不同风屏障整体的阻力系数、力矩系数以及风速折减系数。研究结果表明,孔隙尺寸对风屏障后方流场影响较为有限,开孔形式对屏障前方流场影响较为有限,但是对其后方的流场分布影响较为明显。由于受到盖梁的影响,位于最顶部的障条阻力系数较其他位置处障条阻力系数偏低。屏障整体风荷载系数可为日后该类风屏障设计提供一定的参考。

In order to explore the distribution characteristics of flow fields behind six different types of highway wind barriers and their wind loads, the flow fields above different lanes behind wind barriers and wind loads of the barrier strips at different heights above the ground were tested by a full-scale wind tunnel test. Comparisons of the influence of different pore sizes and opening forms on the flow fields were analyzed. The drag coefficients, moment coefficients and the wind speed reduction coefficients of whole wind barriers were derived. The results showed that the influence of pore sizes on the flow fields behind wind barriers was limited. The influence of opening forms on the flow fields in front of wind barriers was limited. However, the influence of opening forms on the flow fields behind wind barriers was obvious. Due to the impact of the bent cap, the drag coefficient of the top barrier strip was lower than other strips. The wind load coefficients of the whole wind barrier could provide guiding reference for the design of this type of wind barriers.