不同播期对南繁玉米农艺性状和产量的影响

Effects on Maize Agronomic Characteristics and Yield of Different Sowing Date in Hainan Planting

选取辽宁省5个主栽玉米杂交种丹玉405、丹科2151、丹玉801、丹玉508和先玉335及5个骨干自交系丹299、丹717、丹TX-2、丹D15和PH6WC为试验材料,研究不同播期对玉米主要农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明,播期延后玉米各生育时期和生育期有不同程度延长,株高、穗位高和空秆率有所增加,病虫害发生程度加重,果穗性状不断劣化,产量逐渐降低。根据试验结果,南繁玉米播种的最佳时间在每年的10月末至11月初,如遇特殊的台风天气影响播期可适当推延,在最佳播期播种可以降低田间管理难度,获得较高产量,方便晾晒储运,也为北方春季试材准备赢得充足时间。

Five maize hybrids of Danyu405, Danke2151, Danyu801, Danyu508, Xianyu335 and five inbred lines of Dan299, Dan717, DanTX-2, DanD15, PH6WC respectively which widely utilized in Liaoning province were used as the materials to research the changing trend of agronomic traits and yield with different sowing date. The re- suits showed that maize growth period had different extent delaying; plant height, ear height and barely plants rate had a certain extent increase; resistance to diseases and pests, ear traits and yield of became poor gradually when sowing date delayed. The best sowing date of maize in Hainan planting was in late October to early November ac- cording to the study results, it could reduce the difficulty of field management, get a higher yield, had good storage and drying, and do well preparation for the northern breeding. So, sowing date had to delay properly if encountered bad weather circumstances such as typhoon weather.