密度调控对半干旱区不同株型玉米品种冠层和产量指标的影响

Effect of Planting Density Regulation on Canopy and Yield Parameters in Maize Varieties with Different Planting Types in Semi-arid Region

以平展型玉米品种和紧凑型玉米品种为材料,2012~2013年在吉林省西部半干旱区研究密度调控对不同类型玉米品种干旱胁迫条件下冠层和产量指标的影响。结果表明,在两年玉米灌浆期均出现中度干旱条件下,不同类型玉米品种种植密度和叶面积指数、消光系数均呈显著直线回归关系,密度和群体生长速度、果穗生长速度和产量呈先上升后下降的单峰曲线关系。通过回归方程计算,平展型和紧凑型品种最佳种植密度分别为5.4万株/hm^2和6.3万株/hm^2。相对于平展型品种,紧凑型品种平均群体生长速度和穗生长速度可以在更高种植密度条件下达到峰值。紧凑型品种在协调个体与群体适应性方面强于平展型品种,更容易适应干旱环境。

The effects of planting density regulation on canopy and yield components of maize varieties of differ- ent types in drought stress were studied from 2012 to 2013 in Taonan City, where located on semi-arid region of west of Jilin province, by using flat-type maize variety and compact maize varieties. The results showed that in the condition of moderate drought appearance during grain filling stage in both of two years, the relationship of planting density of maize varieties of different types and leaf area index as well as extinction coefficient was significant lin- ear-regression relationship, however, planting density and speed of population and cluster growth as well as yield showed single curve relationship which was a trend of rise first then fall. The best planting densities of flat-type and compact maize varieties, which were calculated via regulation equation, were 54 000 and 63 000 per hectare, respec- tively. The average speed of population and cluster growth in flat-type maize variety, compared with compact vari- ety, could reach a peak under higher planting density. These results revealed that flat-type variety was better than compact variety on adaption of single population, and easier to adapt the arid environment.