缓释型玉米专用肥不同氮源配比对玉米生长的影响

Effects of Proper Proportion of Slow-release Nitrogen Fertilizer for Maize

以春玉米大丰30和缓效氮源硫包膜尿素为试材,采取盆栽方式,设不施氮为对照,研究缓效氮不同添加比例下缓效氮的释放速率,春玉米干物质积累量、吸氮量、氮素利用率及产量,土壤p H值的动态变化。结果表明,配施缓效氮能有效提高玉米对氮素的利用,增加产量。随着缓效氮添加比例增加,玉米干物质积累量、吸氮量及产量均呈先增加后减少的趋势,其中添加33%缓效氮处理为最优处理。添加33%缓效氮处理中缓效氮累积释放率和玉米对氮素的吸收规律更加吻合,与普通尿素处理相比,产量增加73.83%,成熟期玉米地上部吸氮量和干物质积累量分别增加15.40%和20.10%,地下部吸氮量和干物质重分别增加21.11%和13.09%。配施缓效氮显著提高玉米氮素利用率,缓效氮添加比例为33%和50%处理分别比普通尿素处理提高14.76%和12.46%。

In order to explore the effect of different proportion of the release-slow（Sulfur coated urea） nitrogen on maize（Dafeng30） growth, nitrogen utilization and soil pH in the saline soils, and to recommend the appropriate proportion of release-slow nitrogen under the special fertilizer of maize. A potted experiment was conducted. There were five levels of the proportion of the release-slow nitrogen, no nitrogen as CK. Release rate of the release-slow ni- trogen, biomass, nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency, yields and the dynamic changes of soil pH of spring maize were investigated. The results showed that maize yield and using of nitrogen has increased by combining with the re- lease- slow nitrogen. The dry matter accumulation, nitrogen uptake and yield of maize increased following an in- crease of the proportion of release-slow nitrogen, it was the best treatment when the proportion of release-slow nitro- gen came to the 33%. In the treatment of 33% release-slow nitrogen, the cumulative release rate of release-slow ni- trogen was consistent with the absorption of nitrogen in maize. Compared with the treatment with urea, the yield in- creased by 73.83%, the aboveground nitrogen uptake and dry matter accumulation were increased by 15.40% and 20.10% after the harvested, respectively. The nitrogen uptake and dry matter accumulation of the roots were in- creased by 21.11% and 13.09% in the harvest, respectively. Nitrogen use efficiency of maize was significantly in- creased by combined application of release-slow nitrogen, with 33% and 50% treatment was better than any others, they were 14.76% and 12.46% higher than that of ordinary urea treatment, respectively.