基于路由距离度量的WSN分层分簇路由协议

A Hierarchical Clustering Routing Protocol Based on Routing Distance Measure for Wireless Sensor Networks

针对无线传感器网络(WSN)的可靠性和网络寿命问题,提出一种基于路由距离度量和能耗均衡的WSN分层分簇路由协议,利用提出的路由距离代替传统路由协议中的欧氏距离。首先,对网络进行分层,根据节点能耗和到基站的路由距离来选举各层的簇头(CH)节点,并构建分簇结构。然后,根据CH的剩余能量、距基站的路由距离和节点度来选择中继CH,最终构建一个路由树。最后,节点通过所构建的路由树来传递信息。实验结果表明,该协议能够构建最优的路由树,有效降低了节点能耗,延长了网络寿命。

For the issues that the reliability and network lifetime of the wireless sensor network （WSN）, this paper proposes a hierarchical clustering routing protocol based on routing distance measure and energy consumption balance for wireless sensor networks, using the routing distance to replace the Euclidean distance in the traditional WSN routing protocols. Firstly, it constructs the network into the hierarchical structure, and selects the cluster head （CH） nodes according to the node energy and the route distance to the base station. Then, it choses the relay CH according to the residual energy of CH, the routing distance and the node degree, and constructs a routing tree. Finally, the nodes transmit information through the constructed route tree. Experimental results show that the proposed protocol can construct the optimal routing tree, which effectively reduces the node energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.