刍议影响中国古代数学发展的文化因素

Discussion on the Cultural Factors that influenced the Development of Ancient Mathematics in China

中国古代数学成就辉煌,从石器时代一直到宋元时期,中国数学都处于世界领先地位,但后来逐渐从辉煌走向衰落。在这一过程中,受我国特有的文化影响巨大。对我国传统文化影响最大的当属《周易》,堪称中国古代数学思想的总源头,它一直影响着中国古代数学的发展,使古代数学逐渐走向模式化发展道路。儒家思想影响了《周易》,进而干扰了我国古代数学的稳定发展;墨家虽然对古代数学有着积极影响,但是却没有长久地传承下去;宋代时期宽松的、活跃的思想气氛一度使我国古代数学走向高峰,但随着理学的产生影响了数学稳定发展。基于此,文章浅谈了影响我国古代数学发展的文化因素,希望能对我国古代数学从辉煌走向落败的原因有着科学的、合理的认知和了解。

Chinese ancient mathematics achieved magnificently from the Stone Age to Song and Yuan Dynasties and Chinese mathematics is in the leading position in the world, but it gradually declined from glory. In this process, our country＇s unique cultural influence is huge. The greatest influence on our traditional culture is Zhouyi, Zhouyi is the total source of ancient Chinese mathematical thoughts. It has been influencing the development of ancient Chinese mathematics, make Chinese ancient mathematics gradually go towards the pattern development path. Confucianism influenced Zhouyi, but interfered with the stable development of ancient mathematics in China. Although Mohist theory had a positive influence on ancient mathematics, there is no lasting inheritance. During Song Dynasty, the relaxed and active atmosphere of thoughts led to the peak of ancient mathematics in China. But with the generation of Neo-Confucianism, the development of mathematics has been affected. Based on this, this paper discusses the cultural factors that influence the development of ancient mathematics in China with the hope that we have a scientific and reasonable cognition and understanding of the reason why ancient mathematics in our country went from glory to recession.