打破教材束缚,培养中学生历史批判性思维——以明朝内阁制度为例

Breaking the Shackles of Teaching Materials,Cultivating Middle School students' Critical Thinking in History——Taking the Cabinet System of Ming Dynasty as an Example

随着新一轮课程改革的不断推进和深入,中学生历史批判性思维的培养受到教育界的广泛关注,要达到这一教育目标对广大历史教师来说是一个巨大的挑战。文章通过对批判性思维和历史批判性思维的概念界定出发,进而讲述中学生养成历史批判性思维的重要性和意义。最后,笔者以"明朝内阁制度对皇权能否起到约束作用"为例,从问题提出、教师讲解再到知识的迁移与运用等几个方面,谈如何在历史教学中使学生养成独立分析与理性思考的问题,以期收到抛砖引玉之效。

With the continuous deepening of the new round of curriculum reform, the cultivation of middle school students＇ critical thinking in history has attracted wide attention. It is a great challenge for the vast number of history teachers to reach this educational goal. This paper starts with the definition of critical thinking and historical critical thinking, and then discusses the importance and significance of developing students＇ critical thinking in history. Finally, the author takes the question whether the cabinet system Ming Dynasty can have restrain effect on imperial power as an example to talk about how history teachers help the students to develop independent analysis and rational thinking in order to offer some references for other teachers.