基于熵值法与变异系数的大熊猫分布区生态系统评价

Assessment of ecosystem in giant panda distribution area based on entropy method and coefficient of variation

近年来大熊猫栖息地、竹林的面积与野生种群数量均有较大增长,同时栖息地破碎化与局域种群隔离也有加剧趋势.正确认知当前大熊猫分布区生态系统的状态,对于大熊猫保护至关重要.以大熊猫分布区为研究区域,3次全国大熊猫调查为时间节点,依据等级系统理论对分布区及六大山系生态系统进行分解,联合应用熵值法、变异系数、相关性分析,基于全国大熊猫调查数据与相关文献数据,对分布区及六大山系生态系统演化规律进行了研究.发现在生态系统持续改善的背景下,不同山系生态系统的演化与现状存在差异性,六大山系可以分为3个组别,组内山系的生态系统具有较大共性,组间区别较大;同时,栖息地破碎化与局域种群隔离,造成生态系统质量的普遍下降.应因地制宜地制定差异化的生态保护措施,才能更好地实现各山系大熊猫生态系统的持续改善.

The areas of the habitat and bamboo forest,and the size of the giant panda wild population have greatly increased,while habitat fragmentation and local population isolation have also intensified in recent years.Accurate evaluation of ecosystem status of the panda in the giant panda distribution area is important for giant panda conservation.The ecosystems of the distribution area and six mountain ranges were subdivided into habitat and population subsystems based on the hierarchical system theory.Using the panda distribution area as the study area and the three national surveys as the time node,the evolution laws of ecosystems were studied using the entropy method,coefficient of variation,and correlation analysis.We found that with continuous improvement,some differences existed in the evolution and present situation of the ecosystems of six mountain ranges could be divided into three groups.Ecosystems classified into the same group showed many commonalities,and difference between the groups was considerable.Problems of habitat fragmentation and local population isolation became more serious,resulting in ecosystem degradation.Individualized ecological protection measures should be formulated and implemented in accordance with the conditions in each mountain system to achieve the best results.