基于改进三维生态足迹的沈阳市自然资本动态

Dynamics of natural capital in Shenyang based on improved three-dimensional ecological footprint

利用改进后的三维生态足迹模型,对沈阳市1995—2014年自然资本动态变化趋势进行分析.结果表明:1995—2014年,沈阳市人均生态承载力整体呈小幅波动,人均生态足迹、人均生态赤字、人均足迹广度和足迹深度整体上呈波动式增加;足迹广度和足迹深度的变化率逐渐趋向稳定;耕地自然资本利用从2004年开始由资本流量过渡为资本存量,资本存量取代资本流量成为区域耕地自然资源需要的来源,且存量流量利用比逐渐增大;林地一直在利用资本流量,资本流量占用率基本保持不变;草地和水域一直在利用资本存量,且存量流量利用比逐渐增大;沈阳市的发展处于不可持续状态.协调好自然资本存量消耗与存量流量利用之间的关系是实现沈阳市可持续发展的关键途径之一.可通过开发新能源、合理规划土地和提高土地利用率来减少对自然资本的消耗,同时加强对生态环境的保护,以实现沈阳市的可持续发展.

Natural capital trends of Shenyang from 1995 to 2014 were analyzed using improved three-dimensional ecological footprint model.The results showed that,from 1995 to 2014,the ecological carrying capacity per capita of Shenyang fluctuated within a narrow range generally;the per capital ecological footprint,ecological deficit,footprint size and the footprint depth per capita increased along a wave-like curve.The changing rates of footprint size and depth tended to stabilize gradually.The way of natural capital utilization of cultivated land changed from capital flow in 2004 to capital stock,the capital stock replaced capital flow and became a source to meet the need of natural resources in the regional cultivated land,the use ratios of stock-flows increased gradually.The capital flow had been used by woodland and the occupancy rates of capital flows remained unchanged.The capital stock had been used by grassland and water,and the use ratios of stock-flows increased gradually.The development of Shenyang was in an unsustainable state.Coordinating the relationship between natural capital stock consumption and the utilization of stock-flows was one of the key ways to realize the sustainable development of Shenyang.Developing new resource,rationally planning the land and improving land utilization should be to reduce the consumption of natural capital,at the same time,the protection of ecological environment should be to achieve sustainable development.