基于涡流比对某款国Ⅴ柴油机油耗和排放优化的试验研究

Experimental Study on Fuel Consumption and Emission Optimization of a Diesel Engine V Based on Swirl Ratio

为了优化某B款国Ⅴ柴油机比油耗和烟度,通过与排量相近的某A款国Ⅴ柴油机进行试验对比,认为进气涡流比的影响占主要因素,试验内容包括气道测试、摩擦功、外特性、特征点喷油提前角和EGR率扫点对比。基于试验结果优化气道形状,改善涡流比并在同一台B款发动机上进行特征点EGR率扫点和排放特征点DOE(Design of Experiment)优化扫点。结果表明,B发动机新缸盖在部分低速中低负荷烟度基本与旧缸盖一致,油耗略有降低,约在2.3%;中高速中负荷比油耗和烟度具有明显降低优势,可降低8.9%,主要体现在缸内燃烧放热迅速且集中。

In order to optimize the fuel consumption and smoke of a series B diesel engine V, the comparison of engine bench test with a similar diesel engine A was carried out and results showed intake swirl ratio is the main factor. The contrast tests included air flue test, fi＇iction work, WOT, injectiom timing and EGR rate sweep. Based on the experimental results, air flue was optimized and swirl ratio was improved. Then, EGR rate sweep and emission characteristic point DOE sweep were carried on the same B engine with new cylinder. The results showed new eylimler had obvious advantage on middle-high speed with middle load, BSFC could reduced 8.9%, for the reason that the burning heat was rapid and concentrated. The BSFC of low speed with middle-low load could slightly decreased 2.3%.