“曙光”油桃生长、产量和品质对施氮水平的响应

Response of N Fertilizer Rates on Growth,Yield and Quality of 'Shuguang' Nectarine

以5年生"曙光"油桃为试验材料,设置不同施氮水平(100(N1)、200(N2)、300(N3)、400kg·hm-2(N4)),以不氮肥处理为对照(CK),研究施氮量对长江三角洲地区"曙光"油桃生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:增施氮肥能够显著促进"曙光"油桃新梢的生长,新梢长度随施氮量的增加而增加;施氮可显著提高"曙光"油桃的产量和单果质量,但超过200~300kg·hm^(-2)后氮肥增产效果不明显,氮的农学效率和偏生产力显著降低。氮肥显著影响"曙光"油桃的外观品质和内在品质。合理的施用氮肥有利于增加长江三角洲地区"曙光"油桃的果实纵径、横径和着色程度,提高果实可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量,降低总酸度,提高果实糖酸比,改善果实品质和果实口感。但过量施用氮肥会影响油桃果实的着色程度,降低油桃可溶性固形物、维生素C含量和可溶性糖含量,不利于曙光油桃品质的提升。

Different rates of N fertilizer, such as no fertilizer treatment （the control treatment, CK）, 100kg. hm^-2 （N1）,200 kg ·hm-2 （N2）,300 kg · hm 2 （N3）,and 400 kg · hm^-2（N4） were conducted,to study the response of N fertilizer rates on growth, yield and quality of ＇Shuguang＇ nectarine. The results showed that N fertilizer applied could significant improve the growth of nectarine shoot,which gradually increased as N rates increase. Compared to CK treatment, applied could develop the nectarine yield and fruit weight; however when more than 200--300 fertilizer ~ hlT1-2, agronomic N use efficiency and partial N factor productivity significantly reduced as yield increasing basically stagnated. Meanwhile, N fertilizer significant influenced the appearance and inner quality of ＇Shuguang＇ nectarine. Reasonable N application rate could increase nectarine longitude, lateral and coloring, and improve nectarine soluble solids content, vitamin C, and soluble sugar, while decrease acid content,to improve nectarine quality and flavor. However, luxury N fertilizer applied could reduce nectarine coloring, soluble solids content, vitamin C, soluble sugar. In conclusion, to improve nectarine yield and quality,N rate should be applied scientifically and rea^cm^Hv