番茄黄色柱头突变体ys的表型与遗传规律分析

Inheritance and Phenotypic Analysis of yellow stigma(ys)Mutant of Tomato

通过EMS诱变获得了1个可稳定遗传的番茄黄色柱头突变体,命名为ys(yellow stigma)。色素含量测定发现:同野生型相比,突变体ys柱头中的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量没有明显变化,但对香豆酸和柚皮素查尔酮含量显著高于野生型,推测呈黄色的柚皮素查尔酮的大量积累可能在黄色柱头形成过程中起着重要作用。此外,分析发现,突变体和野生型在柱头表面结构、柱头可授性及花粉活力方面没有显著差异。对突变体ys与野生型构建的F_1、F_2、BC_1以及BC_2群体的遗传分析发现,F_1和BC_2均为绿色柱头植株,F_2和BC_1群体绿色柱头植株与黄色柱头植株的比例符合3∶1和1∶1的分离比(P>0.05),表明黄色柱头突变受1对隐性基因控制,其遗传方式符合孟德尔遗传定律。

We used Ethyl methanesulfonate（EMS）mutagenesis approach and obtained stable inherited＂yellow stigma＂mutant（ys）. Mutagen did not significantly change the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in the stigma of mutant ys compared with the wild-type. However,contents of p-coumaric acid and naringeninchalcones were significantly higher in mutant than that of wild-type. We assumed that accumulation of this yellow pigment plays important role in tomato yellow stigma formation process. The result also revealed that there was no significant difference in stigma surface structure,stigma receptivity and pollen viability of both mutant and wild-type. Furthermore,genetic analysis of various generations showed that in F_1 and BC_2 populations all the plants have normal stigma color,as segregation ratios of 3∶1（P 0.05）and 1∶1（P 0.05）was observed in F_2 and BC_1 populations,respectively. The ratio was consistent with classical Mendelian law of inheritance,indicating that stigma color may be inherited as a single recessive nuclear gene. The results of this study provide the material and theoretical basis for the selection,breeding and improvement of new tomato varieties.