中央银行宏观调控与金融稳定职能的法治保障——以马来西亚和泰国央行法为样本

Analysis of the Law Guarantee of Macroeconomic Regulation and Control and the Functions of the Financial Stability of the Central Bank: Taking Malaysia and Thailand's Central Bank Law as Samples

宏观调控与金融稳定是现代中央银行的核心职能。2008年全球金融危机后,马来西亚和泰国央行法出于加强国家金融宏观调控之需,确立了两国央行名义上隶属于财政部的实质独立性。同时,将金融稳定职能作为央行货币政策目标体系的新考量,赋予中央银行在国家金融宏观调控和维护金融稳定方面的法定职权,并建立严厉的法律责任制度。这些规定高度强化中央银行在宏观调控与金融稳定两大领域履职的法治保障,对《中国人民银行法》的修订具有重要的借鉴意义。

Macro control and financial stability are the core functions of a modern central bank.After the global financial crisis of 2008,Malaysia and Thailand's central bank laws established central bank independence with nominal affiliated to the ministry to strengthen national macro control need.At the same time,The central bank laws of two countries took the financial stability function as a new member of the central bank's monetary policy objective system,and gave central bank the rich legal authorization for macro-economic control and maintaining financial stability,and established a strict system of legal liability.These highly fortified the law guarantee of macroeconomic control and the functions of the financial stability of the central bank.