急性感染性细支气管炎

Acute infectious bronchiolitis

病毒、细菌、真菌、肺炎支原体等病原体均可引发儿童急性感染性细支气管炎。其组织学无特异性,临床以发热、咳嗽、喘息为主,影像学表现为小叶中心结节、树芽征、细支气管管壁增厚等;短期预后良好,远期则可引发哮喘、反复喘息。急性肺炎支原体细支气管炎近年来有增多趋势,须引起临床医生重视。

Acute infectious bronchiolitis could be caused by virus, bacteria, fungus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae with non- specific histology in children. Fever, cough and wheeze were the clinical manifestations;while centrilobular nodules, treein-bud and bronchiolar wall thickening were the main HRCT findings. The short-term prognosis was often good, although long-term prognosis was not optimistic with asthma and recurrent wheezing left. Since acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae bronchiolitis cases seemed to increase recently, it should be paid attention to by pediatrician.