病毒性细支气管炎与哮喘相关性研究进展

Research advance of association between viral bronchiolitis and asthma in children

病毒性细支气管炎是全球范围内儿童常见的健康问题。呼吸道合胞病毒是最常见的病毒病原,鼻病毒、偏肺病毒和博卡病毒等也可引起病毒性细支气管炎。婴幼儿期因病毒性细支气管炎住院会引起日后反复喘息或哮喘,疾病严重程度、病毒类型、过敏体质和基因多态性等均会影响哮喘发生的风险。病毒性细支气管炎的定义不统一、喘息及其次数的界定困难给两者关系研究带来了很多不确定性。未来的研究要充分考虑到细支气管炎的异质性,观察比较细支气管炎不同表型发生哮喘的风险。

Viral bronchiolitis is one of the most common health problems in children worldwide. The most common pathogen is respiratory syncytial virus （RSV）, and other pathogens include rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, bocavirus and so on. Infant hospitalized for viral bronchiolitis will have recurrent wheezing or asthma later, disease severity, virus type, atopy and genetic polymorphisms will increase the risk of asthma. The definition of viral bronchiolitis is not uniform, and the difficulty of defining wheezing and its frequency is a great obstacle to study the relationship between them. Future studies should give full consideration to the heterogeneity of bronchiolitis, and observe and compare the risk of asthma in different phenotypes of bronchiolitis.