可耐受100 Mradγ射线辐照电机的制备及绝缘润滑材料耐辐射性研究

Development of Super 100 Mrad Radiation Durable Motor and Study of Radiation Resistance Properties for Related Materials

电机作为机器人控制和传动系统的核心部件,其在核灾变环境下的稳定运行对机器人的寿命起到决定性作用。提高用于核环境作业机器人的电机耐辐射等级,对于研制核电站紧急救灾机器人具有十分重要的意义。采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、力学性能测试等对于不同结构聚酰亚胺(PI)绝缘纸的综合性能进行对比分析,发现使用柔性单体制备的PI绝缘纸,其综合性能最佳,在100 Mradγ射线辐照后性能无明显降低。结合FTIR和扫描电镜测试,分析了商用复合锂基润滑脂在γ射线辐照下结构性能的变化。最后对国产普通电机中耐辐射性能较差的绝缘系统、润滑系统等部件的改进替换,成功制备了耐受γ射线辐照总剂量高于100 Mrad的耐辐射直流电机。该通用材料和技术对于开发耐核辐射机器人用伺服电机等具有普适性。

As the core components of robot control and transmission system, motor plays a decisive role in the stable operation of the robot life during the nuclear catastrophe environment. The radiation resistance properties of the materials for insulation and lubrication systems are investigated. The comprehensive performance of polyimide（PI） insulating paper polymerized by different monomers is studied in detail via a combination of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, thermal and mechanical property measurement. The results reveal that excellent performance can be achieved for the ones polymerized by flexible monomers. More importantly, the mechanical property does not decrease for the PI insulating paper after exposed in 100 Mrad radiation. The structure and property variation of lithium complex grease during the radiation is also analyzed using FTIR and scanning electron microscope observation. Furthermore, a super 100 Mrad radiation durable motor is developed through the replacement and/or strengthen insulation and lubrication systems behaving weak radiation resistance in the conventional motor.