用于三维打印的陶瓷义齿材料制备及性能研究

Research on preparation and performance of ceramic denture materials applied for three dimensional printing

陶瓷材料的微流挤出成形是三维打印领域中一种尚未发展成熟的快速成型工艺,它是将陶瓷浆料经微米级孔道挤出成丝后自由粘结堆积成形的,因此会造成空隙和气孔率较大,烧结后会影响材料的致密度,从而影响力学性能。本文针对这一缺陷首先研究了适用于此工艺的陶瓷义齿打印浆料的制备方法,并对浆料的理化特性以及烧结性能进行分析和测试。结果得出:配制的陶瓷浆料不仅从流变特性上符合微流挤出成形的要求,成形坯体烧结后的效果也满足口腔义齿的力学性能要求。这是技术上的一个进步,奠定了此工艺在三维打印陶瓷材料应用领域的基础,推动了该工艺的发展逐步走向成熟。

The micro-flow extrusion forming of ceramic material has not been developed in three dimensional （3D） printing field. The shape forming of material is by bonding and stacking of filaments of ceramic slurry extruded through micro-sized pores with rather large gaps and porosities, which can affect material＇s density after sintering and its mechanical property thereafter. Aiming at such a deficiency of this process, the preparation method of ceramic denture printing paste applicable to the process is studied, and the properties of slurry and sintering performance are analyzed and tested. It is concluded that the rheological properties of the prepared ceramic slurry conforms the requirement of micro- flow extrusion process, and the green body after sintering can satisfy the mechanical property requirement of oral denture. This is a technologic breakthrough, laying a foundation for the application of micro-flow extrusion forming in 3D printing of ceramic material, and promoting its development and maturation.