实时动态血糖监测器的设计与实现

Design and implementation of real-time continuous glucose monitoring instrument

实时动态血糖监测有助于严格控制血糖水平在正常值范围之内,从而降低糖尿病并发症的风险,提高糖尿病患者的生存质量。针对实际监测过程中传感器、环境噪声等各种因素限制其测量精度的问题,本文提出了一种移动窗双层筛选处理算法结合实时自补偿校准算法的双重校准模式,实现对电流数据的信号漂移补偿,并基于此设计了一种可实时、动态检测血糖变化的监测器。该监测器由可调激励电压模块、电流-电压转换模块、微处理器和无线收发模块组成,其大小仅为40 mm×30 mm×5 mm,重量仅30 g,便于患者随身佩戴,且设计的通信指令码算法保证了数据传输的安全性和完整性。体外葡萄糖实验表明监测器的电流检测效果良好,在体5 h的监测实验表明该监测器可实现对血糖的实时动态监测,与家用血糖仪对比其相对误差在2.22%~7.17%之间,证明设计的监测器具有较高的检测精度。

Real-time continuous glucose monitoring can help diabetics to control blood sugar levels within the normal range. However, in the process of practical monitoring, the output of real-time continuous glucose monitoring system is susceptible to glucose sensor and environment noise, which will influence the measurement accuracy of the system. Aiming at this problem, a dual-calibration algorithm for the moving-window double-layer filtering algorithm combined with real-time self-compensation calibration algorithm is proposed in this paper, which can realize the signal drift compensation for current data. And a real-time continuous glucose monitoring instrument based on this study was designed. This real-time continuous glucose monitoring instrument consisted of an adjustable excitation voltage module, a current-voltage converter module, a microprocessor and a wireless transceiver module. For portability, the size of the device was only 40 mm ~ 30 mm ~ 5 mm and its weight was only 30 g. In addition, a communication command code algorithm was designed to ensure the security and integrity of data transmission in this study. Results of experiments in vitro showed that current detection of the device worked effectively. A 5-hour monitoring of blood glucose level in vivo showed that the device could continuously monitor blood glucose in real time. The relative error of monitoring results of the designed device ranged from 2.22% to 7.17% when comparing to a portable blood meter.